A. Meaning and History
Taman Gili lies at the left side of Kertha Gosa. "Gili" is a piece of land at the minddle of a pond. Taman gili is a garden at the middle of a pond. It is also know as Bale Kambang which means floating house and it is as old as Kertha Gosa.
B. Functions and Contents
Actually the original form of Balai Kambang (floating house) was defferent from the one we see today. During the period of the Balinese Kingdom, it is-small, lower and it did not have as many pillars as it does today. It fuctioned as the King guard's headquater.
The Ducth restored this building and changed it into its present form. If we want to know the original form of this building we can find it at Puri Agung Klungkung. It is usedas "Balai Pemandesan" a building where tooth filling ceremony is ussualy held. Since then the function of the later Balai Kambang is not certain.
The ceiling of Balai Kambang is decorated "Wayang" picture.
1. Part I from below is about horoscope.
2. Part II is a story of "Pan Berayut", children story telling about couple who had 18 children.
3. Part III, IV, V and VI, are stories of "Suta Soma", written by Mpu Tantular in 1365 during the period of Prabu Hayam Wuruk in Majapahit.
6.27.2008
6.25.2008
Kerta Gosha ~ Stage V, Pelelindon (Earth Quake)
Earth Quake could forecast what might or might not happen to the world in the near future.
At the North :
26. Earthquake the happens on the month of Ashada (twelfth) when Anantaboga is in state of meditation, foretells that chaos, long drought, failure in agriculture and bad trades, might happen to the Kingdom in the near future.
27. If there is an earthquake ph the first month of the year while the God Sri is meditation, there will be peace.
28. If the earthquake happens on the second month of the year (Karo), while Betari Gangga is meditating, there will be peace, a lot of rain and the land becomes fertile.
At the East :
29. Earthquake that happens on third month (Ketiga) when Batara Wisnu is in state of meditation foretells prosperity.
30. If there is eartquake on the fourth month (Kapat) of the year while Batara Brahma is meditating, there will be peace and enough rain.
31. Earthquake that happens on fifth month (Kelima) when Batara Iswara is in state of meditation, foretells that society will be in chaos and contagious deseases spread.
At the South :
32. If there is earthquake on the sixth month (Keenam) of the year, while Batari Durga is meditating, there will be an epidemic especially in a densely populated area.
33. Earthquake that happens on seventh month (Kepitu). When Batara Guru is in state of meditation, foretells that goverment will be in disorder people are confused, they lose their confidance to their government.
34. If there is earthquake on the eighth month (Kaulu) of the year, while Batari Parameswara is meditating, there will be no peace and the country is not peaceful.
At the West :
35. If there is earthquake on the ninth month (Kesanga) of the year, while Batari Uma is meditating, there will be suffered everywhere. In Bali it is known as "rain of fire".
36. Earthquake that happens on tenth month (Kedasa). When Batara Narasinga is in state of meditation, foretells that the states of Kingdom will be in peace and prosperity.
37. Earthquake that happens on eleventh month (Diesta) when Batara Sambu is in state of meditation, foretells depression and inflation.
At the North :
26. Earthquake the happens on the month of Ashada (twelfth) when Anantaboga is in state of meditation, foretells that chaos, long drought, failure in agriculture and bad trades, might happen to the Kingdom in the near future.
27. If there is an earthquake ph the first month of the year while the God Sri is meditation, there will be peace.
28. If the earthquake happens on the second month of the year (Karo), while Betari Gangga is meditating, there will be peace, a lot of rain and the land becomes fertile.
At the East :
29. Earthquake that happens on third month (Ketiga) when Batara Wisnu is in state of meditation foretells prosperity.
30. If there is eartquake on the fourth month (Kapat) of the year while Batara Brahma is meditating, there will be peace and enough rain.
31. Earthquake that happens on fifth month (Kelima) when Batara Iswara is in state of meditation, foretells that society will be in chaos and contagious deseases spread.
At the South :
32. If there is earthquake on the sixth month (Keenam) of the year, while Batari Durga is meditating, there will be an epidemic especially in a densely populated area.
33. Earthquake that happens on seventh month (Kepitu). When Batara Guru is in state of meditation, foretells that goverment will be in disorder people are confused, they lose their confidance to their government.
34. If there is earthquake on the eighth month (Kaulu) of the year, while Batari Parameswara is meditating, there will be no peace and the country is not peaceful.
At the West :
35. If there is earthquake on the ninth month (Kesanga) of the year, while Batari Uma is meditating, there will be suffered everywhere. In Bali it is known as "rain of fire".
36. Earthquake that happens on tenth month (Kedasa). When Batara Narasinga is in state of meditation, foretells that the states of Kingdom will be in peace and prosperity.
37. Earthquake that happens on eleventh month (Diesta) when Batara Sambu is in state of meditation, foretells depression and inflation.
6.23.2008
Kertha Gosa Section II at the West
12. The souls of mothers who purposely aborted because of obseenity in life are seen here walking a long weak bamboo brigde which is being shaken by their former fetus. Buta Jering is throwing stone to them and Buta Mracu is ready to cut them woth his sword.
13. The souls of those who liked to turture animals are seen here being totured by animals.
14. Sang Suratma is punishing the souls of those who committed adultry.
15. The souls of those who liked to pass gas in front of others. They can be seen here the rectum is being pulled out.
16. Buta Ode is torturing the souls of those who liked to steal seeding from rice field.
17. Buta Cingkaran and Buta Maya are pounding the souls of those who were ambivalence.
18. The souls of robbers and murderers are being cut by Buta Jering and Sang Suratma.
19. Buta Jering and Sang Suratma are chopping the souls of those who liked raping, killing and looting.
20. Buta Maya and Buta Lendi are burning the vagina and penis of those who liked to have illegal intercourse.
21. The souls of those who were dishonest in gambling (cock fighting) are being punished by Buta Lateng.
22. The souls of men who liked disturbing married women are being punished by Buta Jengitan. His penis is being burn.
23. Buta Mrengut is punishing the souls of unmarried men, women, or beastilety.
24. Buta Ode and Sang Suratma are burning the vagina of prostitutes.
25. The souls of men who liked to practise black magic are being punished by Sang Buta Rengreng.
13. The souls of those who liked to turture animals are seen here being totured by animals.
14. Sang Suratma is punishing the souls of those who committed adultry.
15. The souls of those who liked to pass gas in front of others. They can be seen here the rectum is being pulled out.
16. Buta Ode is torturing the souls of those who liked to steal seeding from rice field.
17. Buta Cingkaran and Buta Maya are pounding the souls of those who were ambivalence.
18. The souls of robbers and murderers are being cut by Buta Jering and Sang Suratma.
19. Buta Jering and Sang Suratma are chopping the souls of those who liked raping, killing and looting.
20. Buta Maya and Buta Lendi are burning the vagina and penis of those who liked to have illegal intercourse.
21. The souls of those who were dishonest in gambling (cock fighting) are being punished by Buta Lateng.
22. The souls of men who liked disturbing married women are being punished by Buta Jengitan. His penis is being burn.
23. Buta Mrengut is punishing the souls of unmarried men, women, or beastilety.
24. Buta Ode and Sang Suratma are burning the vagina of prostitutes.
25. The souls of men who liked to practise black magic are being punished by Sang Buta Rengreng.
6.20.2008
Kertha Gosa Section II at the South
5. Buta Togtogsil (name of an evil giant) humiliates and threatens the souls of those who forged important letter, during his life. Example of the same crime today is manipulation of checks and forgery of signatures money or certificates.
6. Buta Maya on a keris tree is being shaken by Buta Maya and the falling keris hit the souls of those who during his life time wasted his life making love. When the souls reincarnate, the incarnation will have a serious physical defect.
7. The souls of those who in life had no child are being hung on bamboo trees.
8. Buta Lalia is pulling out the tongues of those who in life liked to poison other.
9. Buta Edan is pulling out and throwing away the hair of those who in life worked witches.
10. Buta Mracu is punishingthe souls of mothers who refused to nurse their babies. The souls of these mothers are nursing a big caterpillar.
11. Buta Jangitan chops the souls of those who in their life time are not honest, because they have the habit of forging things made of gold and silver.
6. Buta Maya on a keris tree is being shaken by Buta Maya and the falling keris hit the souls of those who during his life time wasted his life making love. When the souls reincarnate, the incarnation will have a serious physical defect.
7. The souls of those who in life had no child are being hung on bamboo trees.
8. Buta Lalia is pulling out the tongues of those who in life liked to poison other.
9. Buta Edan is pulling out and throwing away the hair of those who in life worked witches.
10. Buta Mracu is punishingthe souls of mothers who refused to nurse their babies. The souls of these mothers are nursing a big caterpillar.
11. Buta Jangitan chops the souls of those who in their life time are not honest, because they have the habit of forging things made of gold and silver.
Kerta Gosa Section II at the East
1. Dewi Kunti asked Bima Sena to go to Yamaniloka to free his father's soul and his step mother's soul from the hell where they were still tortured.
2. The torturers of the hell are busy punishing and torturing the souls of those who were sinful.
3. Buta Cingkaran (name of a giant) is going to stab the soul with his keris (dagger) and elephants attack those who liked hunting and destroyed life enviroment.
4. Buta Mundar and Buta Mandir are sawing the souls those who sinned against their parents.
2. The torturers of the hell are busy punishing and torturing the souls of those who were sinful.
3. Buta Cingkaran (name of a giant) is going to stab the soul with his keris (dagger) and elephants attack those who liked hunting and destroyed life enviroment.
4. Buta Mundar and Buta Mandir are sawing the souls those who sinned against their parents.
6.18.2008
Part I : Kertha Gosa
A. Meaning and History
Kertha Gosa was a building/place for solving problems concerning security, prosperity, and justice of the Kingdom of Bali. It was not know exactly who was the founder, but according to CANDRA SENGKALA *) carved at Pemedal Agung (a.in door palace) it had been in existance in the year Caka, Cakra Yuyu Paksi Paksi which means the year Caka 1622 or arround the year 1700 A.D, when Dewa Agung Jambe governed teh Kingdom of Klungkung
note : *) CANDRA SENGKALA : is way of writing the year by using pictures of animals or plants which represent certain figures.
B. Functions and Contents
During the era of the Kingdom of Bali, every year on "Purnamaning Kapat" i.e on full moon of the fourth month of the Balinese calendar, a meeting was held at Kertha Gosa attended by the regional kings throughout Bali where the high king of Klungkung gave his direction and decision concerning problem in accordance with the needs and the situation of the Kingdom of Bali.
Every month on "Buda Kliwon" or special Wednesday, the high king of Klungkung held a meeting attended by "Manca" (assistance of the king) in the regency of Klungkung. And besides Kertha Gosa was also used for receiving foreigners who wished to meet the King.
On April 28, 1908 Dutch's soldiers came to Klungkung to conquerthe King of Klungkung. But the King and his people gave massive resistace to Dutch's soldiers and bloodshed could not be avoided. The people of Klungkung and his king gave the last resistance (Puputan) to Dutch's soldiers and the last Klungkung was ruled by Dutch.
Since then Kertha Gosa functioned as court of justice, that solved the problem concerning customs, also acted againts the usual religious practices.
The court was equipped with one table and six chairs. the chair with the symbol of lion was for the King as chief of court of justice. The chair with the symbol of cow was for the priest as a lawyer and adviser of the King in making decision. The chair with the symbol of dragon was for secretary.
The people being tried sat politely cross leg on the floor. Some times also called "Kontrolir" (a Dutch officer who controls the region) was present at the court when there was very special trial.
There are five statues, three of which were made by Chinese sculptor and the other two were made by Pedanda Gede Kereta a Balinese priest from the village of Dawan. On the ceiling there are pictures of WAYANG (Balinese shadow play). These pictures show :
1. The lowest part is about "TANTRI KANDAKA" which describes about all kinds of cheating found in society.
2. The second and the third part is about "ATMA PRESANGSA" which describes about punishment and sufferings of the souls of the dead. Bima Sena saw all these on his way to find his parrent souls. The story of the punishment of the souls is known as the Law of Karma.
3. The fourth part is a story of "SANG GARUDA AMERTA" a mithical bird in the form of a big eagle which is looking for the water of eternal life. This story is taken from Adiparwa.
4. the fifth part is a story about "PELELINDON" (Earth-Quake). Earth Quake could forecast what might or might not the world in the near future.
5. The sixth and seventh part, Bima Sena met God in heaven. He was fighting to rescue his father's and mother's souls from punishment.
6. The eighth part is about "SORGA ROH" a special place in heaven which is provided for the souls of those who faithfully follow the teaching of their religion or for those who have done many good deeds in life.
7. The ninth part is the story of God who guard the equilibrium of the world.
Kertha Gosa was a building/place for solving problems concerning security, prosperity, and justice of the Kingdom of Bali. It was not know exactly who was the founder, but according to CANDRA SENGKALA *) carved at Pemedal Agung (a.in door palace) it had been in existance in the year Caka, Cakra Yuyu Paksi Paksi which means the year Caka 1622 or arround the year 1700 A.D, when Dewa Agung Jambe governed teh Kingdom of Klungkung
note : *) CANDRA SENGKALA : is way of writing the year by using pictures of animals or plants which represent certain figures.
B. Functions and Contents
During the era of the Kingdom of Bali, every year on "Purnamaning Kapat" i.e on full moon of the fourth month of the Balinese calendar, a meeting was held at Kertha Gosa attended by the regional kings throughout Bali where the high king of Klungkung gave his direction and decision concerning problem in accordance with the needs and the situation of the Kingdom of Bali.
Every month on "Buda Kliwon" or special Wednesday, the high king of Klungkung held a meeting attended by "Manca" (assistance of the king) in the regency of Klungkung. And besides Kertha Gosa was also used for receiving foreigners who wished to meet the King.
On April 28, 1908 Dutch's soldiers came to Klungkung to conquerthe King of Klungkung. But the King and his people gave massive resistace to Dutch's soldiers and bloodshed could not be avoided. The people of Klungkung and his king gave the last resistance (Puputan) to Dutch's soldiers and the last Klungkung was ruled by Dutch.
Since then Kertha Gosa functioned as court of justice, that solved the problem concerning customs, also acted againts the usual religious practices.
The court was equipped with one table and six chairs. the chair with the symbol of lion was for the King as chief of court of justice. The chair with the symbol of cow was for the priest as a lawyer and adviser of the King in making decision. The chair with the symbol of dragon was for secretary.
The people being tried sat politely cross leg on the floor. Some times also called "Kontrolir" (a Dutch officer who controls the region) was present at the court when there was very special trial.
There are five statues, three of which were made by Chinese sculptor and the other two were made by Pedanda Gede Kereta a Balinese priest from the village of Dawan. On the ceiling there are pictures of WAYANG (Balinese shadow play). These pictures show :
1. The lowest part is about "TANTRI KANDAKA" which describes about all kinds of cheating found in society.
2. The second and the third part is about "ATMA PRESANGSA" which describes about punishment and sufferings of the souls of the dead. Bima Sena saw all these on his way to find his parrent souls. The story of the punishment of the souls is known as the Law of Karma.
3. The fourth part is a story of "SANG GARUDA AMERTA" a mithical bird in the form of a big eagle which is looking for the water of eternal life. This story is taken from Adiparwa.
4. the fifth part is a story about "PELELINDON" (Earth-Quake). Earth Quake could forecast what might or might not the world in the near future.
5. The sixth and seventh part, Bima Sena met God in heaven. He was fighting to rescue his father's and mother's souls from punishment.
6. The eighth part is about "SORGA ROH" a special place in heaven which is provided for the souls of those who faithfully follow the teaching of their religion or for those who have done many good deeds in life.
7. The ninth part is the story of God who guard the equilibrium of the world.
6.17.2008
Preface of Kertha Gosa
The Kingdom of Bali reached the height of its power after the decline of Majapahit, the biggest and most powerful Kingdom of Indonesia.
Majapahit began to decline around the year 1478 A.D. The Kingdom of Bali freed itself from the declining Kingdom of Majapahit, then it was famous for its well organized goverment, culture, art and custom. The Kingdom of Bali was then centered at a place called Gelgel.
In 1650 I Gusti Agung Maruti, Premier of Kingdom of Gelgel, overthrew Dalem Dimade, the King of Gelgel and ended the Kingdom of Gelgel. The history of the Kingdom of Klungkung began in 1686. The King governed his kingdom in a more democratic way then the former King of Gelgel, i.e. the relation of the hight of Klungkung with the regional Kings was much better. The Kingdom of Gelgel was much like what we might now call unitarism while the Kingdom of Klungkung was much like a federation.
In the 19th century the regional kings of Klungkung as their supreme ruler, but politically he had no power over them. The structure of the Kingdom was much like a confederation.
Majapahit began to decline around the year 1478 A.D. The Kingdom of Bali freed itself from the declining Kingdom of Majapahit, then it was famous for its well organized goverment, culture, art and custom. The Kingdom of Bali was then centered at a place called Gelgel.
In 1650 I Gusti Agung Maruti, Premier of Kingdom of Gelgel, overthrew Dalem Dimade, the King of Gelgel and ended the Kingdom of Gelgel. The history of the Kingdom of Klungkung began in 1686. The King governed his kingdom in a more democratic way then the former King of Gelgel, i.e. the relation of the hight of Klungkung with the regional Kings was much better. The Kingdom of Gelgel was much like what we might now call unitarism while the Kingdom of Klungkung was much like a federation.
In the 19th century the regional kings of Klungkung as their supreme ruler, but politically he had no power over them. The structure of the Kingdom was much like a confederation.
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